A Sermon for the Salem United Church of Christ of Harrisburg, PA
by Rev. James Eaton, Interim Pastor ©2026
16th Sunday After Pentecost/A • Date
Exodus 14:19-31 • Matthew 18:21-35
“Forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors.” That’s part of the Lord’s Prayer, a prayer we offer every Sunday. How often have you prayed this prayer? How often have you said these words? Not all Christians say the prayer this way. Methodists inherited saying trespasses and trespassers from their Anglican roots. I worked in a Methodist church when I was in seminary and trying to keep straight whether to say debts or trespasses was one of the hardest part of leading worship for me. Luke’s version of this prayer has the words ‘sins’ and lately I’ve noticed more and more churches using that version. But Matthew gives us the prayer in 6:12 with a Greek word that literally means debts and that’s what we use here. Debts are easy to understand; they have to do with what do I owe others, and what do others owe me? We have some agreed principles that govern things. My older daughter Amy announced one of these years ago regarding eating out: “The Dad pays”. I never questioned this. But now I have coffee almost every day with May, who makes a lot more money than me. So May quietly modified this; three days a week, I pay for her coffee, Saturdays she buys me breakfast. The debts is satisfied on both ends.
But what happens when the issue isn’t as simple as dinner or coffee? What about injury? We have this little proverb you may have said: “Fool me once, shame on you, fool me twice, shame on me.” In other words, if you injure me once and then I forgive you and let you do it again, that’s my fault, not yours. So: forgive once. The Rabbis’ of Jesus’ time had settled on a more generous idea: forgive three times. That’s part of the background to the story we read in the gospel today. Jesus has ben talking about how we should treat each other and Peter brings up the issue of forgiveness. “Lord, if another member of the church sins against me, how often should I forgive? As many as seven times?” [Matt .18:21] You see what he’s doing? He’s upping the count from three to seven. Jesus replies, “Not seven times, but I tell you, seventy-seven times.” [Matt. 18:22] That’s another way of saying, “Endlessly!”.
Then he tells a parable. What’s it like when God reigns? Well, it’s like a king who is owed 10,000 talents unbelievably forgiving it all. Do you know how much 10,000 talents is? It’s more than all the taxes for the whole Roman Empire for a single year. Our country currently owes about 41 trillion dollars. I have no idea how much that is, do you? It’s beyond counting. That’s the amount Jesus has in mind: something beyond counting. And look what the king does, he simply casually says, “Forget it”. The debtor says, “oh, I’ll pay it”, but honestly it can’t be paid and the story says that out of pity for him, the king lets him go. But as he goes, he finds someone who owes him a hundred denarii; a denarius is a day’s pay, figure a hundred day’s pay. For me, that’s about $10,000, a little less than a third of what you pay me. It’s a lot of money but it’s payable. The guy asks for more time but the same man who had just been forgiven 10,000 talents, refuses and has him locked up. I’m guessing, just like the other slaves in the story you’re thinking, “that’s so unfair!” And the king thinks the same thing so he has the first guy imprisoned and the story concludes with him being tortured. Wow: where’ the gospel in this? Where’s the happy ending?
For that, you have to go back to the beginning. Remember Peter’s question? Lord, if another member of the church sins against me, how often should I forgive? As many as seven times?” [Matt .18:21] When Jesus replies, he’s not really setting a new number: he’s rejecting the whole notion of counting. In the parable itself, the King brings it back to just what we say in the Lord’s Prayer. The king says, “I forgave you all that debt because you pleaded with me. Should not you have had mercy on your fellow slave, as I had mercy on you?” [Matt. 18:32bf] The slave who was forgiven hasn’t done anything to his fellow slave outside custom or law. It’s the King who has moved outside those limits. The King forgave an unplayable debt so his slave could move forward. But the slave didn’t move forward, he didn’t see the new possibility of having his debt forgiven. In the same way, Jesus has been talking about God’s forgiveness but Peter hasn’t understood the point: just like the first slave in the parable, God forgives—but there is s purpose and the purpose is to allow God’s people to move forward, not to keep doing what they’ve always done, not continuing to count the debts of others.
This is the key point about forgiving: it moves us forward. This is God’s will for us. We see this in the story of the Exodus. God’s people have been oppressed by the Egyptians and their cries come to God as the cries of the oppressed always do. God sends Moses to lead the people out of captivity but oppressors do what oppressors always do: they turn to violence. In the story of the Exodus, God’s people are led out by an angelic figure seen as a pillar of fire. When the Egyptian army pursues them, the power of God moves between the Egyptians and the fleeing slaves. Meanwhile, the wind of God moves on the water barring their way, moving it, dividing it, creating a dry path for them to walk. And they escape, they move farther on the way to the promised land, to the fulfillment of God’s promise, God’s purpose.
We don’t have to look far to see this. In April, 1963, the people of Birmingham, Alabama, rose up against the injustices of the system of segregation that prevented them from living the full lives God meant to give them. The campaign was led by children and it culminated in a march, meant to be a peaceful group of people going to their government to demand their rights. But just like the Egyptians, the powerful in that place responded with terrible violence. One of the leaders of that march was a young man named John Lewis. Lewis was beaten bloody that day but he never gave up. He became a leader and an example and served a long distinguished career in Congress. Lewis told this story.
A few years ago, a man from Rock Hill, inspired by President Obama’s election, decided to come forward. He came to my office in Washington and said, “I am one of the people who beat you.I want to apologize. Will you forgive me?” I said, “I accept your apology.” He started crying. He gave me a hug. I hugged him back, and we both started crying. This man and I don’t want to go back; we want to move forward. – Rep. John Lewis
Moving forward is God’s hope for all of us. And the way forward begins when we celebrate how God forgives us by forgiving others.
In a few minutes, we’re going to have an opportunity to pray the Lord’s Prayer again. In a few minutes, we’re going to be invited to say again, “Forgive us out debts as we forgive the debts of others.” In a few minutes, we are invited by these words to move forward. That’s God’s hope for us. That we will not be like the unforgiving servant and end up imprisoned by our past, by the endless counting of what others did to us, what others owe us. Instead, we are invited to find the dry ground the power of the resurrection is making for us. So today, I want to say, don’t worry about the walls of the past that loom like the water the people of God walked through; walk on the dry ground. Don’t worry about the walls of anger, walk on the dry ground of forgiveness. Don’t worry about the walls of bitterness, leave them behind and walk on the dry ground to the kingdom. That way begins with forgiveness and leads toward a life lived knowing, as Paul said, “We do not live to ourselves and we do not die to ourselves. If we live, we live to the Lord, and if we die, we die to the Lord, so then, whether we live or die, we are the Lord’s.” [Romans 14:7f]
Amen